LEO orbits are expected to be crowded with tens-of-thousands of small-spacecrafts in the coming years. As the competition in space exploration gains more momentum, non-LEO, cis-lunar and beyond orbits can expected to follow-suit. Keeping track of existing space debris is already challenging enough. The addition of thousands of more space objects, both active and inactive, presents a critical need for accurate space domain awareness to ensure the availability and safe operation of space systems. Detecting, identifying, and tracking space objects as well as networking and tasking multi-modal space sensors requires a mix of statistical signal processing, wireless communications and networking, machine learning, and AI techniques. When small-spacecraft swarms are concerned, their in-space operations offer many opportunities to take advantage of collaborative, cooperative, and cognitive protocols.